Dab tsi ntawm cov hlau yog siv rau kev tsheb ciav hlau?
Jan 15, 2026
Rail hlauhais txog tshwj xeeb alloyed thiab cua sov-kho cov pa roj carbon steel tsim los tiv thaiv rov qab log loads, cuam tshuam kev ntxhov siab, thiab ntev-lub sij hawm dov kev sib cuag qaug zog. Tsis zoo li cov qauv zoo tib yam, rail hlau yuav tsum ib txhij muab siab hardness rau hnav tsis kam thiab txaus toughness los tiv thaiv brittle fracture, uas yog vim li cas rail rail yog tsim nyob rau hauv railway qauv xws li EN, UIC, AREMA, JIS, DIN, thiab GB nrog nruj me ntsis tswj tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab txhua yam khoom.
Dab tsi ntawm cov hlau yog siv rau kev tsheb ciav hlau?
Rail steel qib sib txawv raws li tus qauv, tab sis feem ntau niaj hnub rails siv pearlitic siab -carbon steel nrog tswj manganese thiab silicon los txhim kho lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam.
Hom Rail Steel Qib los ntawm Standard:
| Standard System | Cov Qib Siab | Hom Tensile Zog (MPa) | Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|---|
| TS EN 13674-1 (Tebchaws Europe) | R260, R260Mn, R350HT | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 880 - 1,170 | High -Speed rail, metro, freight |
| UIC 860 | 900A, 1100 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 880 - 1,080 | International mainline railways |
| AREMA (USA) | SS, HH, LA, IH | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 880 – 1, 100+ | Heavy freight thiab neeg caij tsheb kab |
| JIS (Nyiv) | JIS rail steel qib | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 880 | Lub nroog rail thiab pa tsheb ciav hlau |
| GB (Tuam Tshoj) | U71Mn, U75V, U78CrV | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 880 - 1,180 | Siab -ceev, hnyav thauj |
| Lub teeb Rail / Industrial | Q235B, 55Q | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 375-690 | Mining, tram, Hoobkas lem |
Rau qhov hnyav - cov kab ua haujlwm, R350HT, U78CrV, thiab AREMA IH qib yog siv los txo qhov hnav thiab txuas ntxiv kev sib tsoo. Rau lub teeb rail thiab kev lag luam lem, Q235B thiab 55Q muab lub zog txaus nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab tus nqi qis dua.
Puas yog Lub Teeb Rail thiab Hnyav Rail Ua los ntawm Tib Qib Hlau?
Tsis yog. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si yog steel rails, lawv cov qib steel thiab cov hom phiaj kev ua tau zoo sib txawv vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev thauj khoom.
Steel Qib Sib piv: Lub Teeb Rail vs Heavy Rail
| Yam khoom | Lub Teeb Rail | Heavy Rail |
|---|---|---|
| Hom Qib | Q235B, 55Q | U71Mn, R260, R350HT |
| Cov ntsiab lus carbon | Tsawg- nruab nrab | Siab |
| Tensile zog | 375-690 MPa | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 880 MPa |
| Hnav Resistance | Nruab nrab | Siab heev |
| Machineability | Ib qho yooj yim txiav thiab drilling | nyuaj dua |
| Hom kev siv | Mining, tram, industrial | Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, metro |
Piv txwv li,GB 22kg lub teeb railfeem ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv Q235B lossis 55Q, thaum UIC60 hnyav rail ib txwm siv R260 lossis qib siab dua. Xaiv cov qib hlau tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau hnav sai, rail lub taub hau deformation, lossis tawg ntxov ntxov.
Lub Chemical Composition ntawm Hom Rail Steel yog dab tsi?
Rail steel muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nruj me ntsis tswj los tswj lub zog thiab qaug zog lub neej.
| Qib | C (%) | Mn (%) | Si (%) | P (%) | S (%) | Lub hom phiaj |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ua 71mn | 0.65–0.76 | 0.70–1.40 | 0.15–0.58 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.035 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.030 | Siab zog hnyav rail |
| R260 | ~0.60–0.80 | ~0.80–1.30 | ~0.20–0.60 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.035 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.030 | European mainline rail |
| R350 HT | Zoo ib yam li R260 + kev kho cua sov | - | - | - | - | Siab hnav tsis kam |
| 55Q | 0.50–0.60 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.20–0.60 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.040 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.045 | Mining thiab industrial rail |
| Q235B | 0.14–0.22 | 0.30–0.70 | 0.30–0.65 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.045 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.045 | Lub teeb industrial lem |
Cov pa roj carbon ntau dua thiab manganese txhim kho hardness thiab qaug zog, thaum qis carbon txhim kho weldability thiab ua tau yooj yim.
Txij xyoo 2008,GNEE RAILtau muab steel rails ntawm cov qib sib txawv rau ntau tshaj 18 xyoo, steel rails los ntawm GNEE yog heev recommened nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thiab txawv teb chaws.Wtih txiav ntug khoom, GNEE ua tau zoo steel rails uas tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm feem ntau lub teb chaws. Standard rail, lub taub hau hardened rail, hnyav rail, lub teeb rail, crane rail thiab lwm yam yog tag nrho cov muaj nyob ntawm no, raws li ib tug ntawm cov Tuam Tshoj lub ntsiab rail tsum, GNEE RAIL tau ua hauj lwm rau muab kev lag luam ntsuab railway khoom thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no.
