Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm kev siv hlau?
Jan 14, 2026
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm kev siv hlau?
Lub tsheb ciav hlau steel yog lub siab - lub zog tivthaiv ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau kev tsheb ciav hlau tsim los coj cov log, txhawb nqa cov khoom hnyav thiab muab lub ntsej muag du, tsis tu ncua rau locomotives, freight thiab industrial tsheb. Niaj hnub nimno rails yog tsim los ntawm alloyed steels los tiv thaiv hnav, qaug zog thiab deformation nyob rau hauv rov qab kev nyuaj siab.
Hlau muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab tshuaj lom neeg uas ua rau nws zoo dua rau cov hlau los yog ntoo ntsia hlau. Nws lub zog tensile siab, qaug zog tsis kam thiab hnav ua haujlwm cia cov ntsia hlau tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau lab lub log hla ib xyoos. Steel rails kuj tswj cov kev taug qab geometry, tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab muab qhov chaw du.
Cov khoom sib piv
| Khoom siv | Tensile zog (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) | Hom kev tsheb ciav hlau |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hlau | 250-400 | 10-15 | 120-160 | Thaum ntxov industrial rail |
| Q235 steel | 375-460 | 26 feeb | 130-150 | Lub teeb rail (GB / T 11264) |
| 50Mn hlau | 645 nqi | 13 feeb | 197 | Heavy rail (GB 2585-2007) |
| U71Mn hlau | 880 nqi | 9 feeb | 240-270 | Hnyav rail, crane rail |
| R350 HT | 1175 nqi | 9 feeb | 350-390 | High -Speed rail (EN 13674-1) |
Qhov zoo ntawm steel nyob rau hauv rails
| Qhov zoo | Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev khiav | Piv txwv |
|---|---|---|
| Siab zog | Tiv thaiv kev khoov thiab deformation | QU100 crane rail, UIC 60 mainline rail |
| Hnav tsis kam | Txo lub taub hau profile hnav | ASCE 75, BS 80A rails |
| Kev qaug zog | Tiv thaiv kev tsheb ciav hlau tawg nyob rau hauv hnyav qag loads | R350HT siab - tsheb ciav hlau ceev |
| Kev ua tau zoo ib yam | Txhim kho qhov ntsuas thiab sib dhos | P50 / P60 hnyav rail |
| Lub neej ntev | Kev hloov pauv tsawg dua, cov nqi kho mob qis dua | QU70-QU120 crane rails |
Hlau piv rau hlau
| Khoom | Hlau | Hlau (U71Mn) | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile zog (MPa) | 250-400 | 880 nqi | Steel txhawb nqa siab dua qag |
| Elongation (%) | 10-15 | 9 feeb | Hlau yog nruj dua nyob rau hauv dynamic loads |
| Hardness (HB) | 120-160 | 240-270 | Zoo hnav tsis kam |
| Hom kev pab cuam lub neej | 10-15 xyoo | 25-40 xyoo | Hlau txo qhov hloov zaus |
| Kev qaug zog | Tsawg | Siab | Txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau tawg thiab tsis ua haujlwm |
Kev faib tawm ntawm steel rail
Rails raug cais los ntawm kilograms ib 'meter'. Suav railways feem ntau siv 75, 60, 50, 43 thiab 38 kg / m hnyav rails, thaum lub teeb rails khiav ntawm 8 mus rau 30 kg / m thiab crane rails ntawm QU70 rau QU120:
| Tshooj | Qhov siab (mm) | Lub taub hau (mm) | Lub hauv paus (mm) | Web (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lub teeb 8 kg / m | 65 | 25 | 54 | 7 | 8.42 |
| Lub teeb 30 kg / m | 107.95 | 60.33 | 107.95 | 12.3 | 30.1 |
| Nyhav 50 kg / m | 152 | 70 | 132 | 15.5 | 51.514 |
| Nyhav 60 kg / m | 176 | 73 | 150 | 16.5 | 60.64 |
| Crane QU70 | 120 | 70 | 120 | 28 | 52.8 |
| Crane QU120 | 170 | 120 | 170 | 44 | 118.1 |
Cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb
Rails kuj raug tsim los rau txawv teb chaws tus qauv: BS 11-1985 (BS 80A, 90A, 100A), DIN 536 crane rails, UIC 860 (UIC 54, UIC 60), EN 13674-1 (50E1, 54E1, 60E21, ARE), thiab ASCE (60, 85) ntu, yog li cov dej num tuaj yeem muab tau raws li tus qauv siv hauv zos.
FAQ
Dab tsi yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm steel rails hla hlau?
Hlau muab ob mus rau peb npaug ntawm lub zog tensile ntawm hlau ntxiv rau kev hnav zoo dua thiab qaug zog, ua rau cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav dua thiab lub neej ntev dua.
Vim li cas U71Mn feem ntau yog rail hlau?
U71Mn sib txuas ua ke 880 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog, toughness, weldability thiab ib tug hardness ntawm 240-270 HB, npog feem ntau hnyav rail thiab crane rail txoj hauj lwm.
Dab tsi steel yog siv rau high -ceev tsheb ciav hlau?
Lub taub hau- cov qib nyuaj sib npaug rau R350HT raws li EN 13674-1, nrog lub zog tensile ntawm 1175 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab hardness ntawm 350-390 HB, yog qhov zoo rau cov kab ceev.
Lub steel rail yuav kav ntev npaum li cas?
Raws li seem, tsheb khiav thiab kev txij nkawm, steel rails feem ntau kav 25-40 xyoo ntawm mainlines thiab 10-15 xyoo raws li lub teeb rail.
Puas yog EN 13674-1 tus qauv npog tag nrho cov tsheb ciav hlau?
TS EN 13674-1 - Ntu 1: 46 kg / m thiab siab dua; 27-46 kg / m yog them los ntawm EN 13674-4.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm 50E1 thiab 60E2 profiles?
Ob leeg yog EN 13674-1 profiles: 50E1 yog 50 kg / m chav kawm thiab 60E1 / 60E2 yog 60 kg / m chav kawm nrog me ntsis txawv lub taub hau thiab web geometry.
